Thaum kuv xub pib ua haujlwm nrog cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm ua haujlwm, "hss" cim tsis meej kuv. Kuv yuav ntau yam khoom tsis muaj kev nkag siab tias nws txhais tau li cas, ua rau muaj kev ua tau zoo thiab nyiaj tsis tau. Puas yog koj ua tib yam kev ua yuam kev nrog koj txoj kev xyaum laum?
HSS rau Laum Bits sawv rau high - Ceev hlau, ib qho alloy tsim los tswj cov hardness ntawm qhov siab kub. Nws muaj tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, thiab qee zaum cobalt los muab cov kev coj ua zoo dua thiab txiav kev ua haujlwm piv rau cov pa roj carbon hlau.
Cia kuv piav qhia txhua yam koj xav paub txog LS Laum cov khoom tawg, lawv muaj pes tsawg leeg, thiab yuav sib piv li cas rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv los pab kom koj ua cov kev txiav txim siab zoo dua.
Dab tsi tiag tiag yog qhov siab - ceev hlau (hss)?
Thaum kuv pib tsim cov khoom lag luam, cov neeg siv khoom yuav nug kuv cov lus nug txog kev sib xyaw ntawm HSS muaj pes tsawg leeg. Kuv pom tau ntau tus kws tshaj lij uas tsis nkag siab qhov tseeb hauv cov khoom no. Yog li dab tsi ua rau HSS tshwj xeeb piv rau cov hlau zoo tib yam?
High - Ceev Hlau (HSS) yog qhov tshwj xeeb twj steel muaj 18% chromsten, 1% Vanadium, thiab sib txawv ntawm Molybdenum thiab cobalt. Qhov kev sau no tso cai rau hss bits kom tswj lub hardness thiab txiav lub peev xwm ntawm qhov kub thiab txias txog 650℃(1200℃f).
Siab - ceev steel sawv cev rau txoj kev siv thev naus laus zis zoo kawg li. Lo lus "siab {- ceev" tsis xa mus rau lub peev xwm ceev thiab txiav cov kev ua kom sov siab rau thaum txiav ntawm kev nce nrawm.
Kev txhim kho HSS muaj cov keeb kwm nyiam tshaj plaws rov qab mus rau 1898 thaum Frederick Winslow Taylor thiab Maunelsel dawb tsim thawj high- ceev steel alloy. Lawv txoj kev tawg tuaj thaum lawv pom tias cov hlau cua sov kom nyob ze nws taw tes kub, tom qab ntawd txias nws kom zoo, ua kom zoo dua nws cov kev ua tau zoo. Qhov kev tshawb pom no tau hloov kho cov hlau ua haujlwm los ntawm kev tso cai txiav nrawm 4-5 zaug nrawm dua li yav dhau los.
Niaj hnub nSs yog categorized rau ntau qib kawm raws cov qauv txheej txheem:
| Qib HSS Qib | Lub tungsten | Molybdenum | Yeebsab | Thee lub hau | Khaib | Cov Cwj Pwm Thawj |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M2 | 6% | 5% | 4% | 2% | - | General - lub hom phiaj, feem ntau cov lus HSS ib qib |
| M7 | 1.5% | 8.75% | 4% | 2% | - | Txhim kho cov kev hnav tsis kam dhau m2 |
| M35 | 6% | 5% | 4% | 2% | 5% | Zoo dua kub tsis kam tshaj m2 |
| M42 | 1.5% | 9.5% | 4% | 1.2% | 8% | Superior hardness thiab kub tiv |
| T15 | 12% | - | 4.5% | 5% | 5% | Tau ua dawb huv heev kuj |
Cov qauv molecular ntawm HSS yog dab tsi muab rau nws nws cov khoom zoo kawg. Thaum lub sijhawm kho cua sov, cov kws saib hniav nyuaj hauv cov hlau matrix. These microscopic particles-primarily tungsten carbide, vanadium carbide, and molybdenum carbide-provide extreme hardness while the surrounding steel matrix offers toughness and impact resistance.
Los ntawm kuv cov haujlwm saib xyuas ntau lawm ntawm kev tsim khoom, Kuv pom tias cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov meej yog ib yam li cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg. Peb liHss khoomyauv multi - theem kub kev kho:
Preheating ntawm 850 Qib los txo cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv
Austenitizing ntawm 1150-1250℃los hloov lub crystalline qauv
Quenching nyob rau hauv cov tswj ib puag ncig kom ua tiav qhov siab kawg
Ntau lub voj voog temper ntawm kho qhov kub kom ua kom pom kev sib npaug ntawm hardness thiab tawv
Qhov txheej txheem nyuaj no tau ua rau cov khoom lag luam nrog kev tawv ntawm 63-65 hrc (hardness rockwell c nplai), nyuaj dua li 25-35 hrc ntawm cov roj carbon hlau khoom. Lub hardness no, ua ke nrog cov kub tawm ntawm cov alloy, yog dab tsi tso cai hss bits kom tswj tau lawv txoj kev txiav thaum drilling los ntawm cov hlau.